Recent analysis conducted by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) has uncovered a concerning reality: approximately 30% of individuals with type 2 diabetes in England, roughly equating to one million adults, remain undiagnosed. Additionally, an estimated one in nine adults in England are living with prediabetes, a precursor to type 2 diabetes.
These findings, derived from data spanning 2013 to 2019 from the Health Survey for England, shed light on the risk factors associated with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, also known as non-diabetic hyperglycaemia (NDH).
Key insights from the analysis include:
- Younger adults with type 2 diabetes are more likely to be undiagnosed, with 50% of those aged 16-44 falling into this category, compared to 27% of those aged 75 and over.
- Individuals living with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes often report better general health compared to those with a diagnosis. Women with lower body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, or without antidepressant prescriptions are more likely to remain undiagnosed.
- The prevalence of prediabetes is significant, affecting around 5.1 million people in England. Notably, individuals from Black and Asian ethnic groups exhibit more than double the prevalence of prediabetes and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes compared to other ethnic groups.
- While those with known risk factors for type 2 diabetes are at heightened risk of prediabetes, a substantial number of cases are observed in groups traditionally deemed low risk.
These findings underscore the importance of early detection and intervention. Living with undiagnosed diabetes deprives individuals of crucial support and treatment, heightening the risk of complications. Moreover, type 2 diabetes can affect individuals typically considered low risk, emphasizing the need for heightened awareness across all demographics.
Given the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes among younger demographics, prompt diagnosis and access to treatment are paramount. Delayed diagnosis can lead to accelerated onset of complications, highlighting the urgency of early intervention.
The research, conducted through the Health Survey for England, provides valuable insights into the prevalence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in the population. By identifying at-risk groups, resources can be directed towards early detection and support, ultimately mitigating the risk of health complications associated with these conditions.